July 23:
1632 - 300 colonists bound for New France depart Dieppe, France. The New France Territory included Canada, parts of New England, Hudson Bay, Newfoundland and Louisiana.
1793 - The Prussians conquer Mayence in present day Germany.
1829 - In the United States, William Austin Burt patents the Typographer, a precursor to the typewriter.
1833 - Cornerstones laid for construction of the Kirtland Temple in Ohio. This house of worship was the first temple to be built by the Latter Day Saint movement under the orders of Joseph Smith, Jr., the founder of the Mormon faith.
1840 - The Province of Canada is created by the Act of Union. The Province of Canada is now modern day Ontario and Quebec.
1862 - American Civil War: Henry W. Halleck takes command of the Union Army.
1903 - Ford Motor Company sells its first car.
1914 - Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand. When Serbia denies Austria-Hungary their demands, World War I is sparked on July 28, 1914.
1926 - Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.
1929 - Fascist government in Italy bans the use of foreign words.
1940 - US Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles`s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
1942 - The Holocaust: The Treblinka extermination camp is opened
1942 - World War II: Hitler signs the Operation Edelweiss, a German plan to gain control over the mountain-barrier region located between the two continents of Europe and Asia, and capture the oil fields of Baku during the Soviet-German War.
1952 - Establishment of the European Coal and Steel community.
1952 - General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser - the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King Farouk of Egypt.
1962 - Telstar relays the first live trans-Atlantic television signal.
1967 - 12th Street Riot: In Detroit, Michigan, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and ~1,400 buildings burned).
1968 - Glenville Shootout: In Cleveland, Ohio, a violent shootout between a Black Militant organization led by Ahmed Evans and the Cleveland Police Department occurred. During the shootout, a riot began that lasted for five days.
1968 - The first and only successful hijacking of an El Al aircraft took place when a 707 carrying 10 crew and 38 passengers was taken over by three members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). The aircraft was en route from Rome, Italy, to Lod, Israel.
1972 - The United States launches Landsat 1, first Earth-resources satellite.
1982 - The International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial whaling by 1985-86.
1983 - Around 3,000 Tamils were slaughtered by Shinhalese Buddhist majority in Sri Lanka and some 400,000 Tamils fled to neighboring Tamil Nadu, India and a lot found refuge in Europe and Canada. This incident, known as Black July led directly to beginning of civil war in Sri Lanka.
1984 - Vanessa Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown after nude photos of her appeared in Penthouse magazine.
1986 - In London, Prince Andrew, Duke of York marries Sarah Ferguson at Westminster Abbey.
1992 - A Vatican commission, led by Joseph Ratzinger (who became Pope Benedict XVI in 2005), establishes it is necessary to limit rights of homosexual people and non-married couples.
1995 - Comet Hale-Bopp is discovered and is visibly seen with a naked eye nearly a year later.
1997 - Digital Equipment Company files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
1997 - Spree killer Andrew Cunanan commits suicide in the upstairs bedroom aboard a Miami houseboat to avoid capture by the police.
1999 - Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Al-Hassan, is crowned King Mohammed VI of Morroco at the death of his father.
1999 - ANA Flight 61 is hijacked in Tokyo.
2005 - Three bombs hit the Naama Bay area of Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, killing 88 people.
Event's in Sports:
1881 - The Federation Internationale de Gymnastique, the world's oldest international sport federation, is founded.
1925 - Baseball: Lou Gehrig hits the first of his record 23 career grand slams as Yankees beat the Senators, 11-7.
1950 - NASCAR: Curtis Turner got his 5th career NASCAR Cup Series victory at Charlotte Speedway in Charlotte, NC driving a 1950 Oldsmobile.
1960 - NASCAR: Buck Baker got his 41st career NASCAR Cup Series victory at Rambi Raceway in Myrtle Beach, SC driving a 1960 Chevrolet.
1962 - Baseball: Pitcher Bob Feller, manager Bill McKechnie, infielder Jackie Robinson and outfielder Ed Roush are inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
1967 - NASCAR: Richard Petty got his 64th career NASCAR Cup Series victory at Bristol International Speedway in Bristol, TN driving a 1967 Plymouth. Petty had already won 15 races earlier in the season and would go on to win 11 more to establish a record holding 27 race wins in one season and win the NASCAR Cup.
1972: NASCAR: Bobby Allison got his 36th career NASCAR Cup Series victory at Atlanta International Raceway in Hampton, GA driving a 1972 Chevrolet.
1984 - ProWrestling: Wendi Richter defeated Fabulous Moolah for the WWE Women's Championship.
1989 - Bill Elliot got his 31st NASCAR Cup Series victory at Pocono International Raceway in Long Pond, PA driving a Ford Thunderbird.
1995 - ProWrestling: Shawn Michaels defeated Jeff Jarrett for the WWE Intercontinental Championship on "In Your House II" from the Municipal Auditorium in Nashville, TN.
2000 - Baseball: Cincinatti greats like first baseman Tony Perez, manager Sparky Anderson, and Reds announcer Marty Brennaman into the Baseball Hall of Fame along with 1975 Red Sox World Series rival Carlton Fisk. Also enshrined are 19th century Cincinnati second baseman Bid McPhee and Negro League star 'Turkey' Stearnes.
2000 - ProWrestling: Perry Saturn defeated Eddie Guerrero for the WWE European Heavyweight Championship on "Fully Loaded" from Reunion Arena in Dallas, TX.
2001 - ProWrestling: Lance Storm defeated Albert for the WWE Intercontinental Championship on "RAW is WAR" in Buffalo, NY.
2005 - Baseball: 2005 At SBC Park, uniform number 36 is added to the second deck of the left field bleachers joining nine others as the Giants honor Gaylord Perry.
Notable Births
1649 - Pope Clement XI (d. 1721)
1936 - Don Drysdale, American baseball player (d. 1993)
1938 - Charles Harrelson, American convicted murderer; father of Woody Harrelson (d. 2007)
1940 - Don Imus, American talk radio host
1941 - Richie Evans, 9 time NASCAR Modified Champion (died at Martinsville in 1985)
1948 - John Hall, American politician and former rock musician
1952 - Bill Nyrop, American ice hockey player (d. 1995)
1961 - Martin Gore, English musician and songwriter (Depeche Mode)
1961 - Woody Harrelson, American actor
1962 - Eriq La Salle, American actor
1965 - Rob Dickinson, English musician
1965 - Slash, English guitarist (ex-Guns N' Roses)
1967 - Philip Seymour Hoffman, American actor
1968 - Nick Menza, American musician, drummer for Megadeth
1968 - Gary Payton, American basketball player
1971 - Alison Krauss, American singer and fiddler
1972 - Marlon Wayans, American actor
1973 - Nomar Garciaparra, American baseball player
1973 - Monica Lewinsky, American White House intern
1977 - Scott Clemmensen, American ice hockey player
1980 - Michelle Williams, American singer (Destiny's Child)
1981 - Steve Jocz, Canadian drummer (Sum 41)
1982 - Gerald Wallace, American basketball player
1984 - Brandon Roy, American professional basketball player
1989 - Daniel Radcliffe, English actor famous for portraying fictional character Harry Potter
Notable Deaths
1764 - Gilbert Tennent, Irish-born religious leader (b. 1703)
1793 - Roger Sherman, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1721)
1885 - Ulysses S. Grant, 18th President of the United States (b. 1822)
1923 - Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (b. 1878)
2007 - Ron Miller, American songwriter and record producer (b. 1933)
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